{"id":11897,"date":"2025-11-17T15:48:36","date_gmt":"2025-11-17T07:48:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zhangxinxu.com\/wordpress\/?p=11897"},"modified":"2025-11-17T15:48:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T07:48:36","slug":"css-state-function","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zhangxinxu.com\/wordpress\/2025\/11\/css-state-function\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0b\u4e0eCSS\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684:state()\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

by zhangxinxu<\/a> from https:\/\/www.zhangxinxu.com\/wordpress\/?p=11897<\/a>
\n\u672c\u6587\u53ef\u5168\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u51fa\u5904\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4e2d\u94fe\u63a5\uff0cAI\u6293\u53d6\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7f51\u7ad9\u5747\u53ef\u6458\u8981\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u5546\u7528\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u7684<\/h3>\n

Web Components\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u53c8\u65b0\u589e\u65b0\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a:state()<\/code>\u4f2a\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u5e74\u591a\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7::part()<\/code>\u4f2a\u5143\u7d20\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a7f\u900f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5bf9\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be6\u89c1\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a\u201c\u4f7f\u7528::part\u4f2a\u5143\u7d20\u6539\u53d8Shadow DOM\u7684CSS\u6837\u5f0f<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n

\u800c:state()<\/code>\u4f2a\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u7a7f\u900f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u6837\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\uff0c::part()<\/code>\u4f2a\u5143\u7d20\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u50cf\u662f [disabled] \u8fd9\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5185\u90e8HTML\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6epart\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u624d\u80fd\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f:state()<\/code>\u4f2a\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u50cf\u662f :disabled<\/code> \u8fd9\u7c7b\u4f2a\u7c7b\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u770b\u4e2d\u7684\u662f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

attachInternals\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

\u90a3\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8ba9:state()<\/code>\u4f2a\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\u5339\u914d\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u4eca\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684attachInternals<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\uff1a\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u4e0battachInternals\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u8ba9\u666e\u901a\u5143\u7d20\u6709\u8868\u5355\u7279\u6027<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

const someInternals = someCustomElement.attachInternals() <\/pre>\n
\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2asomeInternals<\/code>\u5c31\u662f\u4e2aElementInternals<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3astates<\/code>\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\"status\u8bed\u6cd5\"<\/p>\n
states<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aCustomStateSet<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5c5e\u6027\r\nCustomStateSet.size<\/pre>\n
\/\/ \u65b9\u6cd5\r\nCustomStateSet.add()\r\nCustomStateSet.clear()\r\nCustomStateSet.delete()\r\nCustomStateSet.entries()\r\nCustomStateSet.forEach()\r\nCustomStateSet.has()\r\nCustomStateSet.keys()\r\nCustomStateSet.values()<\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u7528\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u8bb2\u5c31\u662fadd()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u72b6\u6001\uff0cdelete()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001:state()\u51fd\u6570\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
\u4e00\u4f8b\u80dc\u5343\u8a00\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u5f04\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6848\u4f8b\u597d\u5462\u2026\u2026\u8981\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff0c\u55ef\u2026\u2026\u7b97\u4e86\uff0c\u968f\u4fbf\u793a\u610f\u4e0b\u6548\u679c\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
JS\u548cCSS\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
class UiLoading extends HTMLElement {\r\n  constructor() {\r\n    super();\r\n\r\n    const internals = this.attachInternals();\r\n    \r\n    this.addEventListener('click', () => {\r\n      internals.states.add('loading');\r\n    \r\n      setTimeout(() => {\r\n        internals.states.delete('loading');\r\n      }, 3000);\r\n    });\r\n    \r\n  }\r\n\r\n  connectedCallback() {\r\n    this.click();\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u4ef6\r\nif (!customElements.get('ui-loading')) {\r\n  customElements.define('ui-loading', UiLoading);\r\n}<\/pre>\n
ui-loading {\r\n  display: inline-grid;\r\n  place-items: center;\r\n  width: 150px; height: 150px;\r\n  border: 2px dashed;\r\n}\r\nui-loading:state(loading) {\r\n  border-color: red;\r\n  background: lightgreen;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u6709 <ui-loading><\/code> \u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6837\u5f0f\u53d8\u5316\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u7eff\u5e95\u7ea2\u6846\uff0c\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed1\u6846\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u65f6\u6548\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6846\u6846\u3002<\/p>\n